School of Thought - 1108 Words

Page1 When psychology was first established as a science it separated from biology and philosophy, the debate over how to describe and explain the human mind and behavior began. The first school of thought, structuralism, was advocated by the founder of the first psychology lab, Wilhelm Wundt. Almost immediately, other theories began to emerge and vie for dominance in psychology. The following are some of the major thought that have influenced our knowledge and understanding of psychology: Structuralism, functionalism, behaviorism: Structuralism: Structuralism was the first school of psychology, and focused on breaking down mental process into the most basic component, Major structuralism thinkers include Wilhelm Wundt and Edward†¦show more content†¦It suggests that only observable behaviors should be studied, since internal states such as cognitions, emotions, and moods are too subjective. As Watson quotes suggest, strict behaviorist believe that any person could potentially be trained to perform any task, regardless of things like genetic backgrounds, personality traits and internal thoughts within the limits of their physical capabilities, and all it takes is the right conditioning. Psychology criticized the theory which Watson warns against the inevitable dangers of a mother providing too much love and affection. This theory caused lots of psychological problems up to depression in children at that time including his own family. Critics argue that behaviorism is one dimensional approach to Page4 understanding human behavior and that behavioral theories do not account for free will and internal influences such as moods, thoughts and feelings. Gestalt psychology: Gestalt psychology is based upon the idea that we experience things as unified wholes. This approach to psychology began in Germany and Austria during the late 19th century in response to the molecular approach of structuralism. Rather that breaking down thoughts and behavior to their smallest element, the gestalt psychologist believed that you must look at the whole of experience. The problem that gestalt theory confronts is that of an extended event, whether an action,Show MoreRelatedManagement School of Thought1542 Words   |  7 PagesManagement School of Thought:  During the present century, certain schools of management thought have developed. Each school reflects the problems of the period during which they were popular. Herold Koontz was the first who have attempted to classify the various approaches on the management in the schools of management theory. Based on the writings of some of the scholars and Koontz, the management thoughts, have been classified in the following schools of management theory. a) Management ProcessRead MoreMintzberg Schools of Thought1241 Words   |  5 PagesMintzberg’s Ten Schools of Thought about Strategy Formation Model The Design School A process of conception Approach Clear and unique strategies are formulated. The internal situation of the organisation is used to match the external environment. Basis Architecture as a metaphor. Contributions Order. Reduced ambiguity. Useful in relatively stable environment Support strong and visionary leadership. The Planning School A formal process A rigorous set of steps are takenRead MoreThe Rogerian School of Thought1093 Words   |  5 Pages The Rogerian school of thought was developed by Carl Rogers and deviated from Freud’s psychoanalytic and the behavioral theories that were popular at the time. The Rogerian or client-centered approach was seen as an alternative to the then-dominant models in American psychology of behaviorism and psychoanalysis and as such became aligned with the emerging third force of humanistic psychology (Joseph Murphy, 2012). The Rogerian approach does not rely on stages of development or conditioned responsesRead MoreSchool of Thoughts in Psychology1604 Words   |  7 PagesMajor Schools of Thought in  Psychology When psychology was first established as a science separate from biology and philosophy, the debate over how to describe and explain the human mind and behavior began. The first school of thought, structuralism, was advocated by the founder of the first psychology lab, Wilhelm Wundt. Almost immediately, other theories began to emerge and vie for dominance in psychology. The following are some of the major schools of thought that have influenced our knowledgeRead MoreThe s School Of Thought1011 Words   |  5 Pagesmechanisms (from the psychodynamics school of thought) are being employed with respect to cultural, societal, and personal aspects; both displacement and projection are common mechanisms among bullies, as these individuals have a tendency to both shift their emotions onto other people while contemporaneously attributing their aggressive behaviour onto someone else (Haskings-Winner et al., 2011). Finally, archetypes, such as particular models of people and behaviours, can influence the actions ofRead MoreThe Economic Schools Of Thought1445 Words   |  6 PagesFreshwater Economics Macroeconomic schools of thought would be prudent to accept certain aspects of the views of other schools of thought to better understand the scope of economic efficiency through the use of various models aimed at understanding the implications that all actions affect outcome. Like other economic schools of thought, Freshwater developed from previous schools of thought as new macroeconomic ideas were discussed and disputed. Neoclassical synthesis was a postwar movementRead MoreThe School Of Management Thought752 Words   |  4 Pages The Schools of Management Thought In a historical aspect the evolution of management consist of six approaches starting with America’s Industrial Revolution in the late 19th century to the present: Classical, Behavioral, Quantitative, Systems, Contingency and Quality. Before the creation of factories the need for managerial skills was not needed, since products and services were delivered on a small scale and by hand. But with the invention of engines that did not require rivers to make themRead MoreEntrepreneurial School of Thought4494 Words   |  18 PagesEntrepreneurial School of Thought This school sees strategy formation as a visionary process and is fell under the descriptive school of strategic management. The chief architect of the strategy is the CEO of a company. This school took formal leadership seriously and CEO is responsible for strategy formulation. It stressed on mental state and processes such as instinctive knowledge, belief, wisdom, experience and insight of a single leader. The leader should be visionary in formulating strategyRead MoreThe Classical School Of Thought1327 Words   |  6 Pagesthe classical schools of thought, changes in our understandings of what causes victimisation over time, official vs. unofficial data and the different definitions of crime. These concepts show how the discovery of the victim and the shift in focus from the offender to the offence from the past 30 years has changed the understandings of what the reasoning behind what causes crime. The positivist vs. the classical schools of thought: Modern Criminology is made up of two main schools of though whichRead MoreThe Classical School Of Thought889 Words   |  4 Pagesidea of rational choice led to the development of the Classical school of thought, which sought to deter and prevent crime by making the fear of punishment worse than the gratification attained from crime. However, while free will and rational choice sought to explain criminality, other theorists began to consider that some individuals are biologically predisposed to criminal behavior. The development of the Classical School of thought in Criminology was a direct result of the Enlightenment period